About Chemical Tankers
Chemical tankers carry liquid chemical cargoes in separate cargo tanks. They load and discharge different chemical grades, often through dedicated pumps and pipelines. The work differs from other ships because cargoes can be toxic, corrosive, flammable or reactive with each other. Tanks must be cleaned, dried and inspected between cargoes to prevent contamination. Crew roles include Master, Chief Officer, Chief Engineer, Pumpman, Able Seaman, Bosun, Motorman and Electro-Technical Officer. Deck and engine departments work closely to manage cargo pumps, valves, heating, inert gas and tank atmosphere.
Cargo and operations
Chemical tankers carry liquid chemicals such as acids, alcohols, vegetable oils and petrochemical products. Each tank can hold a different grade, and cargo lines must be kept clean. Cargo operations include loading through manifold connections, pumping, heating or cooling, sampling and stripping tanks. Main risks are toxic vapours, fire, explosion, chemical burns, reactions between incompatible cargoes and pollution. Cargo tanks are cleaned and inspected between grades. Crew use gas detectors, vapour return lines and inert gas where required. Any mistake can damage cargo quality or harm people, so work follows strict checklists and permit systems.
Crew on board
Deck officers plan cargo loads, stability, tank cleaning and ports. The Chief Officer normally supervises cargo work. The Pumpman operates cargo pumps, valves and manifolds. AB and OS handle mooring, watches, and deck duties. Engine ratings look after cargo pumps, hydraulic power packs, inert gas plants and steam heating. The Electro-Technical Officer and Electrician maintain gas detection, alarm and control systems. The Master has final responsibility for safe cargo operations. All crew follow chemical handling rules and use full protective equipment for tank work.
Special training
Chemical tanker training is required under STCW V/1-1. Officers and ratings with duties related to cargo or cargo equipment must hold a certificate in basic training for oil and chemical tanker cargo operations. This basic training needs STCW basic training (STCW VI/1) plus approved seagoing service on oil or chemical tankers or an approved basic tanker training course. Masters, chief mates, chief engineers, second engineers and anyone with immediate responsibility for cargo operations must hold advanced training for chemical tanker cargo operations. Advanced training needs approved seagoing service on chemical tankers or supervised onboard training including loading and unloading operations, plus an approved advanced course.